Recent research in criminology has indicated that the media may influence people’s attitudes toward criminal justice policy. This paper examined attitudes toward gun control among a student population using both ideological (attribution styles) and instrumental perspectives (fear of crime), and then tested whether viewing the film Bowling for Columbine influenced those attitudes. The study employed a classic experimental design. Results from the pretest indicated that there was some support for ideological and instrumental perspectives in attitudes toward criminal justice policy. Results from the posttest indicated that participants in the experimental group reported significantly more support for gun control policies, and were more likely to assign dispositional attribution to criminal behavior. Results therefore suggest that students are susceptible to suggestion from the media when formulating opinions about criminal justice policy.
As Armond White said, "That’s why we need film critics—to help us understand the state of movies, our cultural life, and our general moral and political being. "
If Adventure has a Name, it must be Indiana Jones...
Adventure films are a
genre of film. Unlike action films, they often use their action scenes
preferably to display and explore exotic locations in an energetic way.
Harrison Ford as Indiana Jones in 'The Temple of Doom'
The subgenres of
adventure films include, swashbuckler film, disaster films, and historical
dramas - which is similar to the epic film genre. Main plot elements include
quests for lost continents, a jungle and/or desert settings, characters going
on a treasure hunts and heroic journeys for the unknown. Adventure films are
mostly set in a period background and may include adapted stories of historical
or fictional adventure heroes within the historical context. Kings, battles,
rebellion or piracy are commonly seen in adventure films.Adventure films may also be combined with
other movie genres such as, science fiction, fantasy and sometimes war films.
In some ways,
it’s a natural subject for cinema. It has scope. It packs inherent drama. It
has all the swagger, the allure, and the blood-spattered spectacle that makes
the visual medium so viable. Yet the war film—an indirect derivation of the
thriller, action effort, and (sometimes) critical commentary—is often foiled by
the very elements it has to cater to. Offer up too much realism and the
audience looks away in dismay. Play up the arrogance or the attraction and your
motives are questioned. Human conflict is a tricky concept to completely nail
down. Some want nothing but the immoral aftermath, never once addressing the
equally depraved aspects that brought us to this point. Many crave a helping of
clear-cut heroics and villainy, the better to secure their
hegemonic/sovereign/patriotic stance.
Top Ten War Movies
#1: Apocalypse Now
#2: Dr. Strangelove, or: How I
Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb
#3: The Thin Red Line
#4: Saving Private Ryan
#5: Platoon
Video of official trailer of 1986 war film 'Platoon'
Poster of Mehboob Khan's "Mother India"
Source: en.wikipedia.org
A film poster is a poster used to
advertise a film.
Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various
domestic and international markets. They normally contain an image with text.
Today's posters often feature photographs of the main actors. Prior to the
1990s, illustrations instead of photos were far more common. The text on film
posters usually contains the film title in large lettering and often the names
of the main actors. It may also include a tag line,
the name of the director, names of characters, the release date, etc.
Film
posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie
theaters, and elsewhere on the street or in shops. The same images
appear in the film exhibitor's pressbook and may also be used on websites, DVD (and
historically VHS) packaging, flyers, advertisements in newspapers and
magazines, etc.
Film
posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film. They
began as outside placards listing the programme of (short) films to be shown
inside the hall or movie theater. By the early 1900s, they began to feature illustrations
of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes. Other
posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the
film, represented in a wide variety of artistic styles.
Official trailer of the documantary "Searching for sugarman'.
It won the Best Documentaty film award at the 85th Oscar Awards,
Box office analysts
have noted that this film genre has become increasingly successful in
theatrical release with films such as Fahrenheit
9/11, Super Size Me, Food, Inc.,Earth,
March of the Penguins, Religulous,
and An Inconvenient Truth among the most
prominent examples. Compared to dramatic narrative films, documentaries
typically have far lower budgets which makes them attractive to film companies
because even a limited theatrical release can be highly profitable.
Historical
documentaries, such as the landmark 14-hour Eyes on the
Prize: America's Civil Rights Years (1986 – Part 1 and 1989
–Part 2) by Henry Hampton, Four Little
Girls (1997) by Spike Lee, and The Civil War by Ken Burns,
UNESCO awarded independent film on slavery 500 Years
Later, expressed not only a distinctive voice but also a perspective
and point of views. Some films such as The Thin Blue Line by Errol Morrisincorporated
stylized re-enactments, and Michael Moore'sRoger &
Me placed far more interpretive control with the director. The
commercial success of these documentaries may derive from this narrative shift
in the documentary form, leading some critics to question whether such films
can truly be called documentaries; critics sometimes refer to these works as
"mondo films"
or "docu-ganda." However, directorial manipulation of documentary
subjects has been noted since the work of Flaherty, and may be endemic to the
form due to problematic ontological foundations.
Although
documentaries are financially more viable with the increasing popularity of the
genre and the advent of the DVD, funding for documentary film production remains elusive.
Within the past decade the largest exhibition opportunities have emerged from
within the broadcast market, making filmmakers beholden to the tastes and
influences of the broadcasters who have become their largest funding source.
Modern
documentaries have some overlap with television forms, with the development of
"reality television" that occasionally
verges on the documentary but more often veers to the fictional or staged. The making-of
documentary shows how a movie or a computer game was produced. Usually made for
promotional purposes, it is closer to an advertisement than a classic
documentary.
Modern
lightweight digital video cameras and computer-based editing have greatly aided
documentary makers, as has the dramatic drop in equipment prices. The first
film to take full advantage of this change was Martin Kunert
and Eric Manes'
Voices of
Iraq, where 150 DV cameras were sent to Iraq during the war and
passed out to Iraqis to record themselves.
Poster of Richard Attenborough's 1982 epic "Gandhi"
Source: www.moviezadda.com
An epic film is an epic
genre that emphasizes human drama on a grand scale. Epics are more ambitious in
scope than other film genres, and their ambitious nature helps to differentiate
them from similar genres such as the period piece or adventure film. Epic
historical films often take a historical or imagined event, or a mythic,
legendary, or heroic figure and add an extravagant, spectacular setting and lavish
costumes, accompanied by a sweeping musical score, and an ensemble cast of
bankable stars, making them among the most expensive of films to produce. Some
of the most common subjects of epics are royalty, superheroes, great military
leaders, or leading personalities or figures from various periods in world
history. Epics tend to focus on events that will affect the lives of many
people, such as cataclysmic events, natural disasters, war, or political
upheaval.
Epic films are
expensive and lavish productions because they generally use on-location
filming, authentic period costumes, action scenes on a massive scale and large
casts of characters. Biographical films are often less lavish versions of this
genre.
Sometimes referred to
as costume dramas, they depict the world of a period setting, often
incorporating historical pageantry, specially designed costuming and wardrobes,
exotic locales, spectacle, lavish decor and a sweeping visual style. They often
transport viewers to other worlds or eras, such as classical antiquity,
biblical settings, the Middle Ages, the Victorian era, the American Frontier,
or the Gilded Age. Films involving modern battle sequences (war films) are also
common settings in the epic film genre, as are westerns, and science fiction
films set in space, on earth or other planets, with science fiction-oriented
battle scenes on a massive scale or with a futuristic backdrop.
Historical epics
Historical epics are
epic films that take place in the historical past, often focusing on people who
alter the course of history. A number of historical epics, especially those
made in the 1950s and 1960s, are set in ancient times, particularly in Rome,
Greece, or Egypt. Historical epics typically are more grand-scale than other
types of epics, featuring elaborate sets and large numbers of extras.
Trailer of the historical epic "Ben-hur"
Examples of historical
epics include Intolerance (1916), Gone with the Wind (1939), Ben-Hur (1959),
Spartacus (1960), Lawrence of Arabia (1962), Cleopatra (1963), Doctor Zhivago
(1965), Barry Lyndon (1975), Gandhi (1982), Braveheart (1995), Titanic (1997),
Joan of Arc (1999), Gladiator (2000), Troy (2004), Alexander (2004), and
Kingdom of Heaven (2005).
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